Wall construction.



PATENTED AUG. 1.6, 1.904.

J. A. FERGUSON. WALL CONSTRUCTION.

AIPUCATIOS FILED 1'28. :3. 1904- Nd. 767,398; PATENTtD 11116.16. 1904'? vJ. A. FERGUSON, WALL CONSTRUCTION! ,AFPL-IQATIOH run :25. 2:. 19M.

3-: warez m was S0 EDDIE "N'ihxcssc:

No. verses UNITED STATES.

Patented Alugust 1c, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE-"'- WALL CONQTRUOTION- SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters 1 atent m. 767,398, dated August 16, 1904. i ipplicetion tiled February 28, 1904- Berlal No. 194,822. (Bo medal.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, Joss ALBERT FERGU- soms citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of -Dcnvcr, in the county of Denver and State of Colorado, have invented certain new and useful improvcmentsiniiall Construction, of which the following is especificstion.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in well constructiomhnving for its objects, among others, to provide a wsil'possessing maximum strength, durability, and compsctness, combined with host,

cold, and moisture resisting properties, airspeces being provided which may be utilized for water, gas, or" soil pipes, or for electric wiring or other purposes.

1 construct the mil eitherstreightorcurved of blocks of concrete or'otlier suitable meteriel and comprising s. body portion with an arm or arms or projections ext-ending at an angle therefrornuponJone side laid in the well and bonded ,by the arms "or projections of the'one block alternating with ind overlapping those of the next block and provided upon their opposed faces with grooves into which a wire, rod, her, or other tying mem her is seated, thus tying the blocks and well together.

' In some instances the tie wire or red my be'provided with a rod or arm extending et an angle therefrom inward end sdsptedto be secured to s joist, beam, or girde'r., The well they be built up of a plurality of blocks in depth, so as to form a plnrelity of sir-spaces in depth, in which case as many tie-rodsare employed in each horizontal row of blocks as there are sir-spaces in depth in the Well.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will hereinafter appear, and the novel features thereof will he specifically defined by the appended claims.

The invention in some of its embodiments is clearly illustrated in the eccompwying drawings, which, with the numerals ofreferonce merked'thereon, form's part of this specificstion, and in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view with s portion broken out showing one mechanical form 5 embodying the invention, the tie-rod on the upper course beingcmitted. Fig. 2 is an onlarged detail of a portion of the wall shown in Fig. 1. 7 Fig.3 is a top plan showing another form of embodiment of the invention. Fig. 4 is a top plan of still another form, the View being taken as upon the linc 4 of Fig. 5 looking down. Fig. 5 is a vertical section from front to rearof the well as upon the line 5 5 of Fig. 4.

Like numerals of reference indicate like parts in the different views.

I desire to here state that the constructionhereinefter descrihcd and claimed is-capshle of embodiment in any style of well, either straight or circular or other shape, and forsny and all purposes, either that of a building, a

. tank or well, clcvstor'shafts, grain-elevators,

bridge constructiomderns, 'or any and all uses in which it may he desired or advisable to cmploy a wall of this nature. The forms herein illustrated aregiven merely as examples,

A and the invention is in no wise restricted to the particular form of wall herein shown. With this understanding, then, the principle of the invention will now be described.

Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2, 1 desighates the blocks, which in this form each comprise a body portion 2, from which extend I o u upon one side the substantially central arm or projection 3 and at each end upon the some side of the body portion the shorter arms or projections 4. These arms or projections may be of guy desired iength, depending upon the netiir'e' of the well to be constructed. Each of the ldhg arms or projections 3 is provided 1 uponeaeh of its top and bottom feces with a ,g rmove 5, the shape of which will depend upon the shape of the tie rod or her employed. In the present instance the tie rod or her isv shown as of circular or cylindrical form. and hence '5 the grooves are esch suhstentielly'semicircuher in form. With other forms of tie her or red the grooves will he of a shape conforming thereto. In building the wall blocks of this character are lfid side by side in courses. 9 In Figs. 1 and 2 there are two such blocksin 7 thickness in each course. The one block is laid with its long arm or projection 3'extended inward and the next block with its long arm extended ontwanl', as will be readily un- 1 2 p 1 v romeo derstood from Fig, 2. In this way the long arms of the one block overlap and alternate with those of the next block, and when the mortar 6 is laid upon the upper faces of the blocks the sonic are bonded in the wall by reason of this alternately oppositely disposed arrangement of -the arms or projections, and

when the tie rod or her '4' is laid upon top of each course snd fitted in the opposed grooves of the adjacent feces of the blocks the arms or projections are so held and the-entire wall of bloclzsso bonded thatit is made practically as one homogeneous mess. As will be readily understood from Figs. 1 and :2, the blocks in 5 each two adjacent courses are so disposed as to break joints, the long arms of the blocks in the lowcncourse being disposed between the long nrrns of the blocks in the next course.

This maybe accomplished by simply moving the blocks of the next course to the right or left one-half length of a block. This tends to further bond the blocks and wall, as will be readily understood.

' lnFig. 3 I have shown how the well may 5 be built up of a. different form of block and produce practically the some well.- In this view the blocks 8 each have an nrni or projection 9 at each end, and these blocks are disbe so laidthst thetwo tie rods or 11 vidcd. In this form of wall I employ bl l2, ezich' having but one arm or proiectig and that extending from substantially the length of the block. These arms-or prtions are provided with grooves T4. sin to the grooves in the form shown in i and land forn similnr purpose. These bl are so laid in the well that their arms ex alternately in opposite directions over ping nttlie mid-length of the distance betv two blocks and the long arm of the one b comes opposite the meeting edges of blocks in the next row. In this form of invention there nreemployed two tie rod bars 15 and 16, as seen. and the nrmngen is such that the blocks are. so bonded end into the wall that it is made prnct-icallya inogencous mess. In this form, Fig. 4, well upon one side, which may be either inner or outer. is of double thickness, as s The blocks in the different coin will lie in ditierenthorizontal planes, es s in Fig. 5. This gives a still lmtter bond eficct.

it is to he noted that the air-spaces 18 Figs. 1 and 2 end the double air-spaces 19s 20 in Figs. 4 and 5 are formed-by the spsci posed and laid in the well in the manner of the blocks bytheir armsor projcetionsn 39 clearly illustrated inseid Fig. 3. The blocks are laid nlternately reversely in positionthat is, the one is laid with its arms projecting inward and tlze nest with its srnis projecting outwsrdthe,ndjecent srrns of the two adjacent blocks being? parallel with eneli other and in close proximityto each other, as seen clearly in Fig. 3. The upper faces of the that the-blocks themselves are not formed so with air-spaces extending thereth'rough. l well with the plurality of air-simees in depi as seen in- Figs. i and 5; givesincrensed pi tection against heat, cold. or moisturm'nnd is evident that if it be desired to construci well of greater thickness the same may readily done and a correspondingly greet armsor projections are provided with grooves number of sir-spaces in depth provided 1 into which the tie rod or bar 10 is sealed in employing either form of blocks herein illu 4 the some manner as the tie rod or bar above treated or others and so dis iosim them as described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2, the bonding: ciicct being thus retained.

in Fig. 3 I have shown how the tie rod or" bar may be provided with an arm. orerms I1,

extending inward therefrom and aiiixed thereto in nnysuitnble manner. as by being, twisted thcrcabout, as seen in said view. This arm or these arms are designed to be secured to a joist, beam, girder, or other timber for fur- 5 thcr tying or bondim, the wall thereto. The mode of attachment of these arms to the tie rod or barges above mentioned. is advantageous in that it allows of adjustment along the said rod or bar tobring the arm to the desired point for proper attachment to its joist or ot-hcrinembcr; but it is to bedistinctlyunderstood that no restriction is made in this regzird and that these arms may be affixed to or project from the tie rod or bar in any convenient or preferred mannen- In Figs. 4 and 5 I have shown stillanother form of embodiment of the invention. In thcsoviewsl have shoim how the thickness of the-mill mav be int-raised and more than 5 one airplice m the depth of the wall proprovidc the required thickness of wall a: number of air-spaces in depth.

The shove is believed to be sufiicieny clearly explain the principle herein involve and while the structural embodiment of -tl invention as herein disclosed is what I at tl present time consider preferable it is evidel thatthe some-is subject to changes, variation and modifications without depnrting from th spirit of the invention or sscrilicinganyof i1 advantages. stricted to the details here-inbefore deseri w nor asshown in the drawings, but res'crvc lli right to make such changes, variations. am modifications as come properly within th scope of the protection prayed.

I therefore clonot wish to be 11 What is claimed as new is- 1. A wall composedof a plurality of Mo -l;

each having a projection and the projectimr disposed to extend in opposite illllcllume In means in addition to the mortar joinln; (in overlapped projections to form bonds.

2. A wall composed of, blocks. var-h lmvi a projection and the blocks laid in Lhe wall with the PI'OJOClZlOllS alternntelvoppositelj disposed, end a tie-rod engaging said arms end tying-the some in the w l.

3. A well composed of a plurality of, blocks each having a projection, the blocks being laid in the wall with the projections alternately oppositely disposed and overlapping, and

' grooved upon their adjacent faces, and a tie seer/ed in said grooves and bonding the projections blocks in the well.

4. Avail composed of a'plumlifiy of blocks with arms, the arms being arranged to form bonds, the blanks being laid in the wail to form air-spaces multiple in deph,'end continuous means tying theseid arms in the well.

5., A well composed of a plurality of blocks,

' each with an arm, the blocks being laid in the wall with a plurality in depth to form a plurelity of einspeces in depth, and tierods engaging the overlapped arms to tie the some in'-.the well.

6. A well eoznpoaed'of blocks, each block having on z-zrm projeceing at. an angle thereto,

the blocks being; laid in the wall with their arms overlapping, and forming QlT-SQQQES of =5 a plurality in dep'eh, the blocks in adjacent courses being laid with their arms in difierent vertical planes, and continuous tier-rods enlnp'ping arms, and a tierod engaging said arms to bind .finem together, and lateral' nrms on said tierod for ettechment to a support.

9'. A well composed of blocks having oven lapping arms disposed in alternate opposite directions, a tiered engaging said arms, and lateral arms edjustahly mounted on said ne Signed by me et lieshin'gton, District of' Columi'aie, ahis 22d dey of February, 1904.

JGHN ALBERT FERGUSON.

A: M. Pnmrms, Groaor-;.W. GARNER. 

